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| Name | | Zaraysk town. Korsatskaya mountain. |
| Price, USD | | 850.00 |
| Status | | For sale, check |
| Seller | | Russian Art Gallery |
| Size, cm
| | 59.0 x 50.0 cm /switch |
| Artist | | Vladimir Pimenov, V.S. |
| Year made | | 2003-01-01 |
| Edition | | Original |
| Style | |
Realism |
| Theme | |
Architecture |
| Media | |
Oil on canvas |
| Collection | |
Old Russian towns |
| Golden names of Russia 3 |
| Description | |
History
From the foundation to 1237 Zaraysk, situated at the border between the Great Steppe and the woodlands, regularly became a victim of raids and plunders. In 1237, it happened to be on the way of Batu Khan army during its offensive to Vladimir and got burned.
Considerable changes in the towns's life occurred in the first quarter of 16th century, when it was appended to Moscow, together with other Ryazan' lands. As well as of other fortresses of the Great Zaseka line (the Southern border of the Moscow state, separating it from the Great Steppe), from Pereyaslavl' Ryazansky to Kozel'sk and Belev, its destination was to protect Moscow from numerous Tartar raids. At this time, the town was fortified by earthworks, ditches, and wooden ramparts with seven drive-through and five blind towers, which got the name of Ostrog.
Even more, in 1528 Vasily the Third, the Great Prince of Moscow, makes a decision that one more, stone, fortress has to be built inside the Ostrog. This additionally emphasized the strategic importance of the town. After the stone Kremlin was built, Tartars approached the town several times - in 1533, 1541, 1544, 1570, and 1591. The Kremlin was invariably unassailable, whereas the surrounding areas were plundered.
Smuta, the Time of Troubles, also did not leave Zaraysk aside. In 1608, the town was occupied by the Polish-Lithuanian army headed by Lisowski. By the town walls, Lisowski defeated the Russian warlords Lyapunov and Khovansky and moved on to the North-East. Eventually, he took Kolomna and continued to Moscow (which apparently was his main aim), but was defeated.
In 1610, Dmitry Pozharsky was appointed a military governor of Zaraysk. (He is famous for the events of 1612, when he became one of the two leaders of the Russian volunteer army, which managed to take Moscow and eventually drive the Polish away).
With the expansion of the state Zaraysk loses its military significance. Despite this fact, its convenient position at the crossroads between Moscow, Ryazan', and Tula, makes Zaraysk an important economic center. The town turns to a market, directed at supplying Moscow by all kinds of provisions.
In 1778 the town gets three royal presents at the same time: The status of uezd town of Ryazan' gubernia, a coat of arms, and a new "regular" plan of the town.
The trade prosperity of Zaraysk of 18th and the first half of 19th centuries determined intensive town-planning activities. Already by 1798 the "regular" plan was realized. Besides Kremlin, the town counted 29 stone edifices, including 10 ecclesiastical and 10 state and public civil buildings. The formation of a new urban medium was basically completed by the middle of 19th century, but in 1860 a devastating fire destroyed the better part of the town and all wooden buildings.
Besides, the importance of the city started to decline after 1847, when the new Moscow-Astrakhan' (currently known as Moscow-Ryazan') highway was built, and Zaraysk found itself off the newly formed trade routes. In the second half of 19th century the construction of Moscow-Ryazan' railroad, which also left Zaraysk aside, aggravated already relatively unfavorable position of the town.
A considerable industrial growth in Zaraysk happened in the end of 19th century, but it was not as explosive as in other towns and cities around Moscow. By this moment, the most important industrial enterprises of Zaraysk were footwear, down, and textile fabric factories. In the beginning of 20th century, three brickstone works functioned in Zaraysk.
In the end of 19th and the beginning of 20th centuries the town got a number of important infrastructure objects: A water-tower (1914), a prison and a prison church, a hospital with the hospital chapel, and the building of the District Council - the only example of the modernist style in Zaraysk.
During the WWII, the Zaraysk region was partially occupied by the German forces, but the town itself was not taken. |
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| Artist Vladimir Pimenov, V.S. |
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Pimenov Vladimir Sergeevich
Born in 1941 in Zaraisk town of Moscow area.
In 1963 graduated from art school in Ryazan.
In 1972 graduated from an art facult... |
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